Summary Vitamin D vs Folic Acid
| Supplement | Number needed to treat (Eliminate one birth problem)  | Lifetime cost of each problem  | Total costs saved for 2,000 pregnancies  | 
| Folic acid | NNT = 2000 - Spina bifida | $700,000 | $700,000 | 
| Vitamin D | NNT = 20 - Premature birth | $700,000, Ref2 |  70,000,000  just preterm births  | 
100 X fewer people need to take Vitamin D than Folic acid to eliminate a $700,000 lifetime risk
And, Vitamin D eliminates far more risks/costs than just preterm birth
Pregnancy-related Benefits and problems of Vitamin D and Folic Acid
Note: Vitamin D results in many benefits but Folic acid results in many problems
Problem   | Vit D Reduces  | Vit D Evidence  | Folic Acid Evidence  | 
| Premature birth | 1 in 20 births | RCT | no change | 
| Spina Bifida birth defect | no data | no data | reduction by  1 in 2,000 births  | 
| Other birth defects |  Increase if gene  problem (1 in 4 women)  | ||
| Chance of not conceiving | 3.4 X | Observe |  perhaps helps if  the man takes Folic  | 
| Miscarriage | 2.5 X | Observe | ? ? | 
| Pre-eclampsia | 3.6 X | RCT | 2 X trend | 
| Gestational Diabetes | 3 X | RCT | 2.5 X increase | 
| C-section - unplanned | 1.6 X | Observe | no data | 
| Depression AFTER pregnancy | 1.4 X | RCT | |
| Small for Gestational Age | 1.6 X | meta-analysis | 1.2 X reduction | 
| Childhood Wheezing | 1.3 X | RCT | |
| Additional child is Autistic | 4 X | Intervention |  Reduces 4 X increase if gene problem  | 
| Young adult Multiple Sclerosis | 1.9 X | Observe | no data | 
| Preeclampsia | 3.5 X | RCT | |
| Childhood Respiratory Tract visits | 2.5 X | RCT | 
See also VitaminDWiki
- Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
 - Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
 - Autism 17 times more likely with excessive Folic Acid and B-12 (now added to bread) – May 2016
- Details on Folic Acid problems vs Folate due to genes for 1 in 4 women
 
 
Recommendation (Folate NOT FOLIC ACID) - starting 12 weeks before conception
1) Take 400 ug of FOLATE (not folic acid) daily thru 8th week of pregnancy
     Do not continue taking Folate after 8th week, there is a 3.2X risk of breast cancer if high Folate in blood
2) Take at least 4,000 IU of Vitamin D daily for the rest of life, but especially thru breastfeeding
   (Use a vitamin D loading dose if had not supplemented before pregnancy)
31+ VitaminDWiki pages with FOLATE or FOLIC in the title
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